BetterYou Boost Vitamin B12 Daily Oral Spray, Pill-free Vitamin B12 Supplement for Energy Boost, 48-day Supply, Made in the UK, Natural Apricot Flavour

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Low levels of B12 can cause fatigue, nervousness, dizziness, numbness, and tingling in the fingers and toes. Severe, long-term deficiency may lead to loss of mobility, problems walking, or memory loss. Folate (vitamin B9) is an essential nutrient, especially before and during pregnancy. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) state that women of reproductive age need 400 micrograms (mcg) of folic acid (synthetic folate) each day. In a large review, researchers discovered that vitamin B12 deficiency was associated with a higher risk of depression, but only in older females ( 22) Low levels of B12 can cause fatigue, nervousness, dizziness, numbness, and tingling in the fingers and toes. Severe, long-term deficiency may lead to loss of mobility, problems walking, or memory loss. A blood test from your doctor can measure B12 levels, and a serious deficiency can be corrected with B12 shots or high-dose supplements. However, results have been mixed and treatment with vitamin B12 wasn’t effective at improving brain function in people with normal brain function ( 14). Depression

In fact, one study found that people with low levels of vitamin B12 replenished their stores after 90 days of either supplements or injections ( 40). Pernicious anemia Conditions associated with vitamin B12 inadequacy include pernicious anemia, present in about 15% to 25% of older adults with vitamin B12 deficiency [ 43]. Atrophic gastritis, an autoimmune condition affecting 2% of the general population but 8–9% of adults aged 65 and older, decreases production of intrinsic factor and secretion of hydrochloric acid in the stomach and thus decreases absorption of vitamin B12 [ 43, 44]. A third condition associated with vitamin B12 deficiency in older adults is Helicobacter pylori infection, possibly because this bacterium causes inflammation that leads to malabsorption of vitamin B12 from food [ 45]. Then, depending on whether your B12 deficiency is related to your diet, you'll either require B12 tablets between meals or regular injections. Taking 17mg or less of nicotinic acid supplements a day, or 500mg or less of nicotinamide supplements a day, is unlikely to cause any harm. Pantothenic acidResearch shows that eating fortified cereals daily helps increase vitamin B12 concentrations ( 16, 17). Typically, vitamin B12 deficiency is treated with vitamin B12 injections, because this method bypasses any barriers to absorption. However, high doses of oral vitamin B12 might also be effective. A 2018 Cochrane review included three randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared very high doses (1,000–2,000 mcg) of oral with intramuscular vitamin B12 for vitamin B12 deficiency in a total of 153 participants [ 40]. The evidence from these studies, although of low quality, showed that the ability of high oral doses of vitamin B12 supplements to normalize serum vitamin B12 was similar to that of intramuscular vitamin B12. Groups at Risk of Vitamin B12 Inadequacy Vitamin B12 and folic acid are both vital for immune function. Both are necessary for producing a sufficient number of red blood cells to carry oxygen around the body. If you have a folate deficiency and/or vitamin B12 deficiency, your immune system may start to falter, and your body will struggle to ward off pathogens. Red blood cells are crucial immune cells which are part of your body’s immune response so it’s important to ensure they’re able to form and function correctly. swelling (inflammation) in your intestines because of conditions like Crohn’s disease and coeliac disease

The amount of cyanocobalamin you need depends on the level of vitamin B12 in your blood and why your levels are low. Your doctor or pharmacist will advise you on what dose to take. Most cases of vitamin B12 and folate deficiency can be easily treated with injections or tablets to replace the missing vitamins. Although research in humans is still very limited, some studies suggest that vitamin B12 could affect body fat and metabolism. A nurse, or possibly a doctor, will usually give you your hydroxocobalamin injection. The injection is given into a muscle (known as an intramuscular injection). Limited clinical trial evidence supports the finding that higher vitamin B12 intakes might increase cancer risk. In an analysis of data on 2,524 participants in the B Vitamins for the Prevention of Osteoporotic Fractures trial who were treated with supplements containing 400 mcg/day folic acid and 500 mcg/day vitamin B12 for 2 to 3 years, the risk of colorectal cancer was significantly higher, at 3.4%, in the supplementation group than in the placebo group, whose rate was 2% [ 61]. However, high folic acid levels are potentially linked to increased risk of colorectal cancer, so the result might be due to the folic acid rather than the vitamin B12 [ 62]. Furthermore, the supplements had no significant effect on overall cancer risk.Fragasso, A., et al. (2010). Functional vitamin B12 deficiency in alcoholics: An intriguing finding in a retrospective study of megaloblastic anemic patients [Abstract]. Even though some plant-based milks or grains may have been fortified with vitamin B12, vegan diets are often limited in this vitamin, putting people at risk of deficiency ( 43).