ALKANI Industrial Coat Tree Coat Rack Stand, Hat Rack Umbrella Stand Coat Tree, Hall Tree Free Standing, With 6 Beech Wood Hooks, For Clothes, Hat, Bag

Product Information

Free radicals, molecules with unpaired electrons, play a large role in most reactions of alkanes. Free radical halogenation reactions occur with halogens, leading to the production of haloalkanes. The hydrogen atoms of the alkane are progressively replaced by halogen atoms. The reaction of alkanes and fluorine is highly exothermic and can lead to an explosion. [26] These reactions are an important industrial route to halogenated hydrocarbons. There are three steps: Piroliza alkana nastaje kada zagrijavamo alkane bez prisustva zraka. Pri pirolizi metan i etan se razlažu na ugljik i vodik, a ostali alkani na manje organske spojeve.

Karboksilne kiseline Karbotiolne S-kiseline Karboselenolne Se-kiseline Sulfonske kiseline Sulfinske kiseline Alkanes have a low solubility in water, so the content in the oceans is negligible; however, at high pressures and low temperatures (such as at the bottom of the oceans), methane can co-crystallize with water to form a solid methane clathrate (methane hydrate). Although this cannot be commercially exploited at the present time, the amount of combustible energy of the known methane clathrate fields exceeds the energy content of all the natural gas and oil deposits put together. Methane extracted from methane clathrate is, therefore, a candidate for future fuels. Listovi karfiola, kupusa, kao i kora jabuke u sebi sadrže alkan C 29H 60 koji služi kao zaštita od gubitka od vlage, dok većina drugih biljaka kao zaštitu koristi biljne voskove koji su po sastavu estri.Sekundarne funkcionalne skupine su: a hidroksi- na 5. ugljiku, kloro- na 11. ugljiku, metoksi- na 15. ugljiku, i bromo- na 18. ugljiku. Grupirano s bočnim lancima, to nam daje 18-bromo-12-butil-11-kloro-4,8-dietil-5-hidroksi-15-metoksi The first four names were derived from methanol, ether, propionic acid and butyric acid. Alkanes with five or more carbon atoms are named by adding the suffix -ane to the appropriate numerical multiplier prefix [8] with elision of any terminal vowel ( -a or -o) from the basic numerical term. Hence, pentane, C 5H 12; hexane, C 6H 14; heptane, C 7H 16; octane, C 8H 18; etc. The numeral prefix is generally Greek; however, alkanes with a carbon atom count ending in nine, for example nonane, use the Latin prefix non-.

U spoju su dvije dvostrue veze: jedna između 6. i 7. ugljika, a jedna između 13. i 14. ugljika. Zvale bi se "6,13-daen", ali zbog prisutstva alkina, to se mijenja u 6,13-dien. Trostruka veza se nalazi između 19. i 20. ugljikova atoma. Zvat će se 19-in CH 2 групи. Разлика између сваког следећег алкана је такође у једној CH 2 групи. Такав тип хемијских једињења чији се суседни чланови разликују за поједину групу (у овом случају за CH 2 групу) назива се хомологи ред. [1] Occurrence of alkanes in the Universe [ edit ] Methane and ethane make up a tiny proportion of Jupiter's atmosphere Extraction of oil, which contains many distinct hydrocarbons including alkanesMoreda, W.; Perez-Camino, M. C.; Cert, A. (2001). "Gas and liquid chromatography of hydrocarbons in edible vegetable oils". Journal of Chromatography A. 936 (1–2): 159–171. doi: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)01222-5. PMID 11760997.

Alkani od heksadekana navzgor so pomembna sestavina kurilnega olja in mineralnih olj, ki se uporabljajo kot maziva. Maziva imajo tudi antikorozivno delovanje, ker so hidrofobna, tako da voda ne more priti v neposreden stik s kovinskimi površinami. Trdni alkani so parafinski voski, ki jih ne smemo zamenjati s pravimi voski, ki so pretežno estri višjih mastnih kislin. Parafinski voski se uporabljajo za izdelavo sveč. Funkcionalna skupina alkanov je alkilna skupina s splošno formulo C nH 2n+1–. Takšni funkcionalni skupini sta na primer metilna CH 3– in etilna skupina C 2H 5–. Moderately concentrated solutions (over 10 −3 M) have a pH of 10 or greater. This means that they will turn phenolphthalein from colorless to pink. An alkyl group is an alkane-based molecular fragment that bears one open valence for bonding. They are generally abbreviated with the symbol for any organyl group, R, although Alk is sometimes used to specifically symbolize an alkyl group (as opposed to an alkenyl group or aryl group). All alkanes are colorless. [14] [15] Alkanes with the lowest molecular weights are gases, those of intermediate molecular weight are liquids, and the heaviest are waxy solids. [16] [17] Table of alkanes [ edit ] AlkaneThis article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Alkani z več kot dvema atomoma ogljika lahko tvorijo obroče s splošno formulo C nH 2n in zanke – obroče, vezane na osnovno linearno ali razvejano ogljikovo verigo. Takšne alkane prištevamo k cikloalkanom. Alkane lahko torej v grobem delimo na acilkične (linearne in razvejane) alkane ter cikloalkane, ki vsebujejo obroče in zanke.