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National estimate Statistică, Biroul Naţional de (January 1, 2021). "// Noutăţi". statistica.gov.md. With a height of 5,642 m, Mount Elbrus is Europe's highest mountain. The dormant volcano lies in the Caucasus Mountains in southern Russia. Felix Markham, Napoleon (New York: Penguin Books USA Inc., 1966), 257 as quoted in Matthew Zarzeczny, Napoleon's European Union: The Grand Empire of the United States of Europe (Kent State University Master's thesis), 2. An estimated 747 million people live in Europe. The most populous country in Europe is the European part of Russia with a population of 110 million people, followed by Germany with 83 million citizens, and Metropolitan France with 67 million inhabitants (in 2020). Main article: Economy of the United Kingdom London is the largest urban economy in Europe [244] and, alongside New York, the city in the world most integrated with the global economy. [245]
Main articles: Political history of the United Kingdom (1979–present) and Social history of the United Kingdom (1979–present) Pro- Brexit campaigners outside Parliament in London in November 2016, after the Brexit referendum Including the constituent countries of England, Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales. Excluding the 14 Overseas Territories and 3 Crown Dependencies. Gibraltar, Jersey, the Isle of Man, and Guernsey shown separately below. As early as 21 October 1942, in a minute to his Foreign Secretary, Winston Churchill had written, "I look forward to a United States of Europe in which the barriers between the nations will be greatly minimised and unrestricted travel will be possible". [27] The term "Great Britain" conventionally refers to the island of Great Britain, or politically to England, Scotland and Wales in combination. [41] It is sometimes used as a loose synonym for the United Kingdom as a whole. [42] The word England is occasionally used incorrectly to refer to the United Kingdom as a whole, a mistake principally made by people from outside the UK. [43]
European Council
Local government in England is complex, with the distribution of functions varying according to local arrangements. The upper-tier subdivisions of England are the nine regions, now used primarily for statistical purposes. [188] One of the regions, Greater London, has had a directly elected assembly and mayor since 2000 following popular support for the proposal in a 1998 referendum. [189] Churchill, Winston S. (1950). The Hinge of Fate. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. p.562. ISBN 978-0-395-41058-5. Europe is the second-smallest continent, and it could be described as a large peninsula or as a subcontinent. Europe is the western portion of the Eurasian landmass and is located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere. Several larger islands belong to Europe, such as Iceland or the British Isles with the UK and Ireland. In 2016, 51.9 per cent of voters in the United Kingdom voted to leave the European Union. [126] The UK left the EU in 2020. [127] On 1 May 2021 the EU–UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement came into force. [128] The UK became the first industrialised country and was the world's foremost power for the majority of the 19th and early 20th centuries, particularly during the " Pax Britannica" between 1815 and 1914. [19] [20] The British Empire, at its height in the 1920s, encompassed almost a quarter of the world's landmass and population, and was the largest empire in history; however, its involvement in the First World War and the Second World War damaged Britain's economic power and a global wave of decolonisation led to the independence of most British colonies. [21] [22] [23] British influence can be observed in the legal and political systems of many of its former colonies, and the UK's culture remains globally influential, particularly in literature, music and sport.
Total Population - Both Sexes". World Population Prospects, the 2019 Revision. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, Population Estimates and Projections Section. June 2019 . Retrieved 17 June 2019. By the 1950s and 1960s, Europe saw the emergence of two different projects, the European Free Trade Association and the much more political European Economic Community.
How Many Countries Are There in Europe?
In the decades-long process of European integration, the UK was a founding member of the Western European Union, established with the London and Paris Conferences in 1954. In 1960 the UK was one of the seven founding members of the European Free Trade Association (EFTA), but in 1973 it left to join the European Communities (EC). In a 1975 referendum 67% voted to stay in it. [113] When the EC became the European Union (EU) in 1992, the UK was one of the 12 founding member states. Harris, Geoffrey, The Dark Side of Europe: The Extreme Right Today, Edinburgh University Press, 1994, p. 31
Keating, Joshua (1992). "Tuesday Map: Heineken's "Eurotopia" ". Foreign Policy . Retrieved 26 May 2009. Population of the 18 regions of France including overseas regions. Excluding Overseas Territories and Collectivities: French Polynesia, New Caledonia, French Southern and Antarctic Lands, Clipperton Island, Saint Barthélemy, Saint Martin, Saint Pierre and Miquelon and Wallis and Futuna. Webber, Douglas (6 February 2015). "Why Europe Must Be Classed As A Declining Power". Social Europe. UK researchers can now apply for Horizon Europe funding, certain that all successful UK applicants will be covered through the UK’s association (or through the guarantee) for the remainder of the programme. Churchill used the term "United States of Europe" in a speech delivered on 19 September 1946 at the University of Zurich, Switzerland. [25] In this speech given after the end of the Second World War, Churchill concluded:Western Europe is the western part of Europe; it is bounded by the Atlantic Ocean in the west, the English Channel and the North Sea to the north, and by the Alps in the south. View of the Mont Blanc massif. The Mont Blanc at 4,808.7 m (15,777 ft), is the highest mountain in Western Europe. In 2012, Viviane Reding, the Luxembourgish Vice-president of the European Commission called in a speech in Passau Germany and in a series of articles and interviews for the establishment of the United States of Europe as a way to strengthen the unity of Europe. [39] Matteo Renzi [ edit ] Political speeches by Victor Hugo: My Revenge is Fraternity!, in which he used the term United States of Europe.
In 1941, the Italian anti-fascists Altiero Spinelli and Ernesto Rossi finished writing the Ventotene Manifesto, encouraging a federation of European states. [23] National quarterly estimate "The population increased by 3,860 in the third quarter of 2022" . Retrieved 2022-12-02. The near-symmetrical pyramidal peak of the Matterhorn (height: 4,478 m). The famous mountain in Switzerland is situated in the Pennine Alps between the Swiss town of Zermatt and the Italian alpine resort of Breuil-Cervinia. The European Movement International is a lobbying association that coordinates the efforts of associations and national councils with the goal of promoting European integration, and disseminating information about it. [ citation needed] European Federalist Party [ edit ] Dinan, Desmond (2005). Ever Closer Union: an introduction to European integration (3rded.). Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-333-96171-1. Later editions available.Main articles: Law of the United Kingdom, Censorship in the United Kingdom, and Crime in the United Kingdom The Supreme Court is the final court of appeal for England, Wales, Northern Ireland and civil cases in Scotland. Main articles: Countries of the United Kingdom, Administrative geography of the United Kingdom, and List of counties in the United Kingdom
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